The Citizens Band Radio Service—commonly known as CB—is a form of communication that falls under the FCC’s Personal Radio Service category. Similar to other PRS systems like FRS, GMRS, MURS, and the Low Power Radio Service (LPRS), CB radios are designed for use by both individuals and businesses. CB operation is governed by FCC Part 95 regulations, and no license is required to use a CB radio.
The CB service uses 40 common channels and can operate in either AM mode or Single SideBand (SSB) mode. SSB is typically available on more advanced CB radios and provides clearer communication with reduced noise and extended range compared to AM. SSB includes two variations—Upper Sideband (USB) and Lower Sideband (LSB). Communication in SSB mode is only possible with other CB radios that also support SSB.
CB channels and frequencies are not assigned to any specific individual or organization. For the most part, you can operate a CB radio on all 40 channels and frequencies designated by the FCC for CB, but there are some caveats.
1. You are limited to using the 40 designated CB channels and their assigned frequencies. Channel 9(CB radio emergency) is reserved specifically for emergencies or travel-related assistance, though emergency or traveler-aid messages may be transmitted on any channel if needed. Because all channels are shared by all users, emergency communications must always be given priority over regular conversations.
2. The allowable power for CB radios varies based on the type of transmission. AM signals can use up to 4 watts, while SSB transmissions may operate at up to 12 watts of Peak Envelope Power (PEP). FCC rules prohibit increasing your radio’s power output, adding external amplifiers, or making internal modifications to the device. Additionally, CB radios used in the United States must be FCC-certified, which is indicated by an official certification label placed on the unit by the manufacturer.
3. CB radios are designed for short-distance, local communication, but their range can sometimes be greatly extended by reflecting signals off the ionosphere—an effect known as “skip” or “shooting skip.” Through this phenomenon, some operators are able to reach others thousands of miles away. Although the FCC forbids deliberately contacting CB stations more than 155.3 miles (250 km) away, atmospheric conditions can naturally cause signals to travel much farther. As a result, long-distance CB transmissions—sometimes across the country or even globally—may occur unintentionally.
4. Since all 40 CB channels are shared among many users, certain operating etiquette is expected. You should not transmit to another station for more than five minutes at a time, and you must wait at least one minute before starting another transmission. In the early days of CB, operators were required by the FCC to have a license and use an official call sign. Although neither is required today, many people still use a nickname or “handle” as their informal call sign. The FCC permits CB users to choose their own handles.
CB radio operators use their own set of jargon and communication codes. “10 Codes” are the widely recognized standard for AM-mode communication, while “Q Signals” are more commonly used on Single SideBand and by operators who engage in skip communications.
CB radios are generally standardized, with popular brands including Cobra, Galaxy, Midland, President, Uniden, and Luiton. Among these, Cobra is one of the most recognized and established names worldwide. CB radios are available in two main types: mobile units, typically installed in vehicles, and handheld units, similar to standard two-way radios or walkie-talkies. Mobile radios range in price from $80 to $500. High-end models like the Uniden PC68LTW, Galaxy DX 959 SSB, and Cobra 148 GTL SSB offer advanced features for experienced users, while entry-level options such as the Uniden PRO510XL provide a good starting point at around $89.99. Handheld CB radios, including models like the Cobra HH-Roadtrip and HH 38 WX ST, are priced between $80 and $680.
When buying a CB radio, the CB radio price and antenna is a crucial component that should not be overlooked. Handheld CB radios often come with antennas included, but mobile units typically do not, so you will need to buy one separately. Regardless of whether you choose a basic or high-end radio, the performance largely depends on the quality of the antenna and its mounting location. It’s important to carefully evaluate your antenna options before making a purchase.